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Hlai languages : ウィキペディア英語版
Hlai languages

The Hlai languages () are a primary branch of the Tai–Kadai language family spoken in the mountains of central and south-central Hainan in China. They include Cun, whose speakers are ethnically distinct.〔Ethnologue mistakenly lists Cun among the Kra languages.〕 A quarter of Hlai speakers are monolingual. None of the Hlai languages had a writing system until the 1950s, when the Latin script was adopted for Ha.
==Classification==
Norquest (2007) classifies the Hlai languages as follows. Individual languages are highlighted in bold. There are some 750,000 Hlai speakers.
*Proto-Hlai
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*Bouhin (Heitu 黑土) – 73,000
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*Greater Hlai
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*
*Ha Em 哈 (Zhongsha 中沙) – 193,000, the basis of the literary language
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*Central Hlai
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*
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*East Central Hlai – 344,000
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*
*
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*Lauhut (Baoding 保定) – 166,000
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*
*
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*Qi 杞 ''Gei'' – 178,000
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*
*
*
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*Tongzha (Tongshi 通什) – 125,000
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*
*
*
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*Zandui (Qiandui 堑对) – 29,000
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*
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*Baoting 保亭 – 24,000
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*
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*North Central Hlai – 136,500
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*
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*Northwest Central Hlai – 62,500
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*
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*Cun (Ngan Fon, Gelong 仡隆) – 60,000
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*
*
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*Nadou (Dongfang 东方) – 2,500
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*
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*Northeast Central Hlai – 74,000
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*
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*Meifu 美孚 (Moifau) – 30,000
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*
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*Changjiang 昌江
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*
*
*
*
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*Moyfaw (Xifang 西方)
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*
*
*
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*Run (''Zwn'') ''Bendi'' – 44,000
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*
*
*
*
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*Baisha 白沙 – 36,000
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*
*
*
*
*
*Yuanmen 元门 – 8,000
The Fuma 府玛 dialect is spoken in 1 village north of Changcheng 昌城, Hainan. It had by 800 speakers in 1994.〔http://asiaharvest.org/wp-content/themes/asia/docs/people-groups/China/chinaPeoples/F/Fuma.pdf〕
Jiamao 加茂 (52,000), although ethnically Hlai, is not a Hlai language. It is currently unclassified.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Hlai languages」の詳細全文を読む



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